Automatic firearm.



AUTOMAJVIC HREARM.

APPLICANON man Aulas. 191s.

Lwmt; @muted Mar. 4,1919.

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GIOVANNI MGNGARDI, SOMERVILLE. MASSACHUSETTS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

Application filed August 9, 191778.

. To all whom it may concern x Be it known that I, GIovANNr lllozvoanni, a` subject of the King of Italy, having declared my intention to become a citizen of the United States, residing at Somerville. in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Automatic Firearms. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an automatic fire-arm, particularly of the pistol type, including a barrel-carrying and niagazine-con` taining receiver, a slide which is movable rearwardly or retractable both manually and by the force of an explosion, and al firing pin which is retracted and cocked by the retraction of the slide.

The invention is embodied in the several improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speciication,-

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pistol embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, on a larger scale, a side portion of the receiver being removed and the slide being projected.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view. partly in section and partly in elevation, showing the slide retracted.

Fig. 4c is a side view of certain parts shown by Fig. 2, other parts being omitted.

Fig. 5 is a plan view ofthe shell ejector shown in elevation in Figs. 2 and 4.' and a plan view of the shell-arresting detent.

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan of the receiver and magazine.

Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Fig, 2.

Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating the operation of the safety de vice hereinafter described.

Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the connection between the receiver and theibarrel.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view illustrating the action of the slide, in engaging a cartridge in the magazine.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented Mar. 4i, 1919.

Serial No. 249,072.

The barrel 12 and receiver 13 are connect.- Y

(Fie.

ed by a screw-thread connection at. 14. 11). portions of the barrel and receiver forn'iing an incline 15 which elcvates the nose of the upper cartridge in the magazine 16 and guides the cartridge into the barrel.

17 is a slide or slide head fitted to reciprocate on guides in the upper portion of the receiver, the slide being adapted to be retracted or forced rearwardly. both manually and by the explosion of a cartridge. To the slide 17 is attached a rearwardly projecting stem 1S having a cylindrical bore constituting a guide for the tiring-pin 19. and a container for the spring 2() which projects said pin, the stem 1H having a longitudinal slot 21 in its under side through which projects alug on the firingpin, formed to be engaged by the sear 28 when the tiring-pin is` retracted. The receiver 13 is provided at its rear end witlra guide 1S in which the stem 18 is movable, and with a fixed abutment 18h for the spring"20. said abutment extending through the slot 21 and into the bore of the stem.

The scar is a resilient hooked arm attached at 24 to the receiver 13 and adapted normally to engage the lug 22. The sear is displaced from the trigger 25 through -a bell-crank lever 2G fulcrunied at 27 in the receiver 13. and a linger 2S pivoted at t'o an ear on the swinging end of the trigger 25, the latter being pivoted at- 30 to the guard frame 31. Dnc arm of the lever 26 is provided with a stud 32 bearing on the upper side ofthe sear, so that the lever is normally held by the sear in the position shown by Figs. 2 and 4. rthe other arm of the lever 2G projects through a slot in a portion of the wall of the receiver' 13, said portion constituting a guide` and the finger 28 is pressed against said wall portion or guide by a spring When the trigger is pulled against the pressure of its spring let, the finger slides upwardly on said guide and raises the projecting arm of the lever 2V. thus depressing the arm having the stud 32. the latter depressing the sear and releasing the firing-pin. which is then projected by its spring to explode a cartridge in its path.

35 i' andthe shorter -arm 44 being depressed and The receiver wall' is provided. with a. prio-`I` jection having an inclined .face 28a, arranged force of the explosion, is provided with'a shell extractor composed of a resilient linger 36 attached at 37 to the slide stem 18, and

provided with a hook 38 adapted to engagev 4the head ofthe shell, as shown by Fig.'5.

The 4slide acts while being retracted, to

' set a'slide-projecting device whereby the slide is automatically projectedl or returned .to its forward position. Said device includes a two-armed spring 40, one arm ,of

which is seated on a. portion ofthe receiverl wall and secured thereto by a pin 41. VThe Ao her or free arm of the spring 40 engages one end of a link-42 which is pivoted at 43,

to .the shorter arm 44 of. a bell-crank lever, which includes a longer arml 45, the outer end of which is held by the spring in en,-

. gagement -with an elongated face on the slide 17, said portion face being substantially perpendicular to the stem 18 and being v' preferably the .bottom'of a vertical'slot 46- forrried in the rear face of the slide, and in a Y downward-ly-projectin arm 46a on the slide.

,Whenlthe pistol is coc edaiid the, slide projected, as shown by Fig. 2, the arm 1s inl l contact with the lower portion of the vsaid tracted by an explosion, the arm 45 is moved perpendicular face. When the slidel is 'rew to the position shown by Fig. 3, its outer end =moving upwardly on the perpendicular face 4causing the link 42 to depress the free arm of the spring 40v and increase the tension of said spring. The force ,of the spring now acts through the`link'42 -and lever arms 44 shown by Fig. 2.l

' The slide is provided with a downwardly projecting lug 47, having anincline 47a at its .rear end as" best shown by Fig. 12 and formed to vs'lide'over the upper cartridge in the magazine 16, and slightly .depressthe `cartridge against the pressure of the usual is moving rearward across the upper'end of the magazine, this action of the. lug being illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 12. Vhen the slideis in its rear position, tlieforward end face 47""of` the lug 47v which is substantially perpendicular to the path of the slide,

isin position to bear on the rear end of the cartridge which is now raised, as shown by fiill lines in Fig. 12. The forward iiiovie-l ment of the slide, therefore, Acauses the lug to force the cartridge forward vinto the barrel, the cartridge sliding up the incline 15 (Fig. 11).

To permit the pistol to be safely carried when loaded and cocked, I provide a safety v. as a-brake to prevent t the locking-arm. The. magazine 16 is re- .leasably secured to the receiver13 by a bolt device for locking the lever 26 in the posi- `:"tion shown by Figs. 2 and 4. Said device d to a stud 51 i in a bearing xiner 13 and iated outside inclides a locking arm 50 ii (Fig. 10), which is journ in `one of the sides of the c is providedwith a handle 5.

`the container. VVhenthe lockingarm is in the position shown by full lines in Fig. 9, it

is separated from the lever 26. When the i locking-arm is turned to the position shown by dotted lines in Figs. 4 and 9, it locks the lever, and prevents firing. The lockingarin isfprevented from being accidentally moved from either position to the other by a'helical spring 53 (Fig. l10), inserted in an annular groove inthe arm'and bearing on the bottom of said groove and odian outer side portion of the container .13 'said spring acting iielloose turning of 54 slidable in a socket in the llower end of the.magazine,-and pressed' rearwardly by a spring. 55 into engagement with a fixed keeper 56 (Fig. 2), at the rear 'end of the opening providedforthe reception of the magazine. The bolt 'is provided, with' a knurled push piece 57 which may be the vhead of la screw engagedI with 'the bolt and proj ectingthrougha slot infthe lower end ofz the magazine.`. .The arrangement is such that the li'ioltii`r'iiif-st bejpressed forward or toward the front sideof' the, receiver to disengage it from the keeper. frovision. is thus made for preventing thefboltl 'fromA 'being accidentally retracted byathehand of the user in withdrawing the firefariiiffroin a. pocket or otherreceptacle. f Y The operation, as

theoperator to 'conveniently retract 'the 'slide, 1"pro'vide a hand grip, composed of from' V p the foregoing description, :is automatic, andv 45 to return the slide to the position'- ics parallel side portions 59 slidable on opposite vsides of the receiver, and a neck 60'connecting the rear ends of the .side portions. The forward ends of the sideportions 59 are secured tothe slide'17 by screws 61 passing through longitudinal' slots62'in the receiver. The 'neck 60 is secured to the rear end of the receiver' stem 18. The external .surfaces of the side portions -5'9 'are provided'with iinger-engaging corrugations 63.-

After-tlie slide has been manually re-` tracted and released, it is forced forward by the spring. 40 and 'forces the first cartridge into vthe barrel, .the firing-pin being now engaged by the sear, and-thepistol cocked for' firing. The explosion of each` cartridge retracts a slide and set-s the slide-projecting device, which aga-in projects the slide,

LES

, in the receiver and having The receiver is provided with a fixed detent 66 (Fig. 5), having a shoulder 6T, arranged to arrest the shell (withdrawn by the extractor P13) in position to escape through the usual shell outlet, not shown.

I claim:

1. An automatic tir- -arm comprising a magazine-containing receiver, a barrel rigidly connected therewith, said receiver being provided with a guide and with a fiXed` spring abutment at it rear end, a slide movable in the receiver and including a head and a stem projecting rearwardly from the head and provided with Va longitudinal bore and with a longitudinal slot receiving said abutment, a iringpin movable in said bore and provided with a soar-engaging lug projecting through said slot, a sjjiring interposed between said pin and abutment, a scar adapted to normally engage said lug a springpressed trigger', trigger-operated Sear-displacing means, and a slide-projecting device adapted to b'e set for action by the retraction of the slide.

2. An automatic drearm comprising a magaZine-containing receiver, a barrel rig idly connected therewith, said receiver being provided with a guide and with a fixed spring abutment at it rear end, a slide movable in the receiver and including a head and a stem projectingl rearwardly from the head and provided with a longitudinal bore and with a longitudinal slot receiving said abutment, a firingpin movable in said bore and provided with a scar-engaging lug projecting through said slot, ay spring interposed between said pin and abutment, a scar adapted to normally engage said lug, a springpressed trigger, trigger-operated scar-displacing means, the slide being provided with an elongated tace substantially perpendicular to the stem, and a slide-projecting device adapted to be set for action by the retraction of the slide and including a spring seated in thereceiver, a bell-crank lever tulcrumcd arms of unequal length, and a link connecting the spring with the shorter arm of said lever, the longer arm of the lever being held by the spring in sliding contact with said face.

3. An automatic re arm comprising a barrel-carrying and magazine-containing receiver, a slide movable in and guided by the receiver, a spring-pressed firing-pin lnovable relatively to the slide and provided with a Sear-engaging lug, a resilientv sear attached to the receiver and adapted to normally engage said lug, a spring-pressed trigger, and trigger-operated scar-displacing means including a spring-pressed finger pvoted to the trigger and adapted to be reciprocated thereby on a fixed finger-guiding portion of Vthe receiver, and a bell crank lever4 ful- Crumed in the receiver, one arm of said lever being engaged With the Sear and the other arm ro'ectinvf throuffh said fruidinc Jortion 4 C D D b relatively to the slide and provided' with a` scar-engaging lug, a resilient scar attached to the receiver and adapted to normally engage said lug, a spring-pressed trigger, trigger-operated scar-displacing means, and a' safety device including a locking arm adapted to swing in the receiver-.into and out of the path of a member of said displacing means, and means operable from the exterior of the receiver ior adjusting said arm, means beingr provided for preventing accidental movement of said arm.

5. An auton'iatic tire-arm substantially as specified by claim 4, the said locking-arm being provided with a `groove concentric with the axis on which it swings, IandJvith a spring brake in said groove beurmg yieldingl y on the bottom of the groove and on the external surface of the receiver.

6. An automatic fire-arm comprising a barrel-carrying and 1nagazine-containing receiver provided with a guide at its rear end, a slide movable in the receiver and including a head and a stem projecting rearwardly from the head and movable in said guide, a slide-projecting device adapted to be set for action by the retraction ot' the slide, the slide stem being provided with a longitudinal slot, and the rear end of the receiver being provided with a fixed spring abutment projecting through said slot into the bore of said stem, a firing pin movable in said bore and provided with a scar-,engaging lug projecting through said slot, a spring interposed between the pin and the said abutment, a resilient sear attached to the receiver and adapted to normally engage said dug, 1a

spring-pressed trigger and trigger-operated seardisplacing means includinga springpressed'iinger pivoted to the trigger and adapted to be reciprocated thereby on a fixed finger-guiding portion ot the receiver, and a bell-crank lever fulcrumed in the receiver, one arm of said lever being engaged with the sear, and the other arm projecting through said guiding portion in the path Ot' vsaid finger.

a Sear-engaging lug projecting through said slot, a spring interposed between the pin and said abutment, a 'Sear` adapted to normally engage said lug, a springLpressed trigger,l

trigger-operated Sear-displacing means 1n- -eluding a bellucrankl lever fulcrumed in the receiver, one arm of said 'lever being engaged with thesear, and the other arm be-v ing movable by the trigger, and a safety deviee including a locking arm: adapted to lprovided for preventing accidental movement of said arm.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

GIOVANNI MONGARDI. 

